Mill's Utilitarianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Mill's Utilitarianism - Essay Example According to Daniel Bonevac, another implication of utilitarianism is universalism: people should mind the consequences of choices on everyone it affects. We should not consider ourselves, or simply our friends, or community members; we must consider everybody in the society. It is fortunate that most decisions made affect a portion of citizens; this will deny others the pleasure to enjoy the freedom they have. In as much as some pleasures were not intrinsically more valuable than others, nevertheless, utilitarianism would not be â€Å"a pig philosophy† – â€Å"you’d rather be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied†; the use and development of our higher facilities would be virtuous solely by virtue of their benefits to other people. Mill argues that â€Å"Pleasure vary in quality as and at the same time quantity.† Mill stresses that the principle of utility justifies the right actions (Bonevac, Daniel, and Phillips 177). It tries explainin g what makes them right. But the principle does not have to be conscious motive. Tarrant contends that Mill’s radical ideology on education, laudable in themselves are not unswerving with his utilitarianism since in differentiating between lower and higher pleasures, and in Mill’s argument that the higher pleasure are more desirable, he (Mill) is forced to appeal to non-utilitarian values. In the article, T. G. Miles attempts to criticize Tarrant’s argument against Mill. Mill’s defense of higher pleasure preference is undermined in two forms; firstly, because introduces a different value besides happiness, called dignity, and send, because Mill introduces the phrase ‘content,’ which according to Tarrant considers to be ‘a correlate of dignity and a function of the higher pleasure’ and construes as intended stand for â€Å"the sensation attended upon the satisfaction of the desire for higher pleasures’ (Pojman, Louis, and James, 320). Not only is Mill playing up and down between

Nursing Research websites Part 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nursing Research websites Part 2 - Essay Example gs, 4) collating all evidences and formulating recommendation, 5) putting recommendation into practice, and 6) determining the effects of the application (Oncology Nursing Society). Evidence-based medicine (EBM) and evidence-based nursing (EBN) are subsets of evidence-based practice (EBP). They both need the skill to sift among the very vast information available, and pick out which ones are important for the situation at hand. Both of them aim to alleviate the condition of the patient by planning work-up by integrating findings from appropriate studies and health professional’s expertise and patient wishes. In fact, based on the steps in EBM provided by Donald (2002) and comparing them with the steps of EBN described above, they seem to be very similar. Despite the similarities of EBM and EBN, there are differences as well. First, since physicians are primarily tasked to plan and to provide treatment and therapy to their patients, EBM mostly deals with the biomedical aspect of healthcare. For example, doctors might try to find evidence of the effectiveness of a treatment option on certain subpopulations (Donald, 2002), probably having the same demographics as the patient in hand. In effect, EBM becomes much more crucial since doctor’s decisions are more likely a matter of life and death for the patient. It allows individualization of therapy, resulting to less adverse risks and more positive outcomes during recovery. On the other hand, nurses are most likely expected to enact some of the instructions of the doctors, and to provide what McSherry described as a holistic biopsychosocial care to the patients. Distribution of meals, ensuring medicine intake, monitoring vital signs, and probably providing an environment conducive for the recovery of patients are just some of the nurses’ roles. Thus, although important, their decisions may not be as crucial as that of the doctors’, who determine what kind of foods are allowed to the patient, and what